INTERACTION WITH A PHAGE GENE UNDERLIE COSTS OF A β-LACTAMASE

Interaction with a phage gene underlie costs of a β-lactamase

ABSTRACT The fitness cost of an antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) can differ across host strains, creating refuges that allow the maintenance of an ARG in the absence of direct selection for its resistance phenotype.Despite the importance of such ARG-host interactions for predicting ARG dynamics, the basis of ARG fitness costs and their variability

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Case Report: Psychoacoustic Analysis of a Clarinet Performance With a Custom-Made Soft Lip Shield Worn to Prevent Mucosal Erosion of Lower Lip

IntroductionWind instrument players sometimes suffer from erosion of the mucous membrane of the lip.This is caused by the action and pressure of the mouthpiece of the wind instrument against teeth.To address this problem, a lip shield is fitted over the dental arch to prevent direct contact between the lips and teeth.However, there are a few studie

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